From virtually nothing in 2000, the industry today can boast 1.5 GW of installed offshore wind capacity, of which 334 MW – more than one fifth – was installed in 2008 alone, see Figure 1, (below). An additional 1.5 GW is currently under construction, and Douglas-Westwood forecasts more than 5 GW will be in the water by 2012.
The theoretical setting of hierarchical Bayesian inference is gaining acceptance as a framework for understanding cortical computation. In this paper, we describe how Bayesian belief propagation in a spatio-temporal hierarchical model, called Hierarchical Temporal Memory (HTM), can lead to a mathematical model for cortical circuits. An HTM node is abstracted using a coincidence detector and a mixture of Markov chains. Bayesian belief propagation equations for such an HTM node define a set of functional constraints for a neuronal implementation. Anatomical data provide a contrasting set of organizational constraints. The combination of these two constraints suggests a theoretically derived interpretation for many anatomical and physiological features and predicts several others. ...
Citation: George D, Hawkins J (2009) Towards a Mathematical Theory of Cortical Micro-circuits. PLoS Comput Biol 5(10): e1000532. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000532
(defprocess root (fuzziness)
(defvariable blobs #’union)
(always
(when (eq (read-sensor ’image) ’black)
(subprocess (measure-blob) :gradient fuzziness)
(setf blobs
(list (get-from-sub (measure-blob) blob)))))
(avoid
(read-sensor ’query)
(let ((q (first (read-sensor ’query))))
(cond
((eq q ’blobs)
(actuate ’response (regional blobs)))
((eq q ’area)
(actuate ’response
(fold #’+ (mapcar #’second
(regional blobs)))))))))
(defprocess measure-blob ()
(defvariable uid #’max :atomic :base 0 :init (random 1))
(defvariable area #’sum :reduction :base 0 :init 1)
(defvariable blob :local)
(always
(setf blob (list uid area))))
Code to find a set of fuzzy blobs and their areas in a binary image. Each contiguous black area of the image runs a connected measure-blob pro- cess that names it and calculates its area. The set of blobs is collected by the root process and made accessible to the user on the response actuator...
Are there yet ZigBee products on the market?
Yes, there are. Some implement an actual ZigBee stack while others feature a ZigBee ready platform like EmberNet.
Examples in the residential space include Control4 (lighting), Eaton (home automation), Golden Power Manufacturing (sprinklers and thermostats), Hawking Technology (home gateways), Kalirel (heating), Mija (fire extinguishers), Nice (shutters), and TSC Systems (home automation).
Examples in the commercial space include Mija (fire extinguishers), Philips (lighting), Siemens (building automation), and TAC (building automation).
Networks of coupled dynamical systems have been used to model ... and many other self-organizing systems. Ordinarily, the connection topology is assumed to be either completely regular or completely random. But many biological, technological and social networks lie somewhere between these two extremes. Here we explore simple models of networks that can be tuned through this middle ground: regular networks 'rewired' to introduce increasing amounts of disorder. We find that these systems can be highly clustered, like regular lattices, yet have small characteristic path lengths, like random graphs. We call them 'small-world' networks, by analogy with the small-world phenomenon (popularly 6 degrees of separation. The neural network of the worm Caenorhabditis elegans, the power grid of the western United States, and the collaboration graph of film actors are shown to be small-world networks.
Strategic Management Database in Brief
To help the busy executive keep a half-step ahead of the game
This scheme produces a sampled sine waveform with 12 samples per cycle. In addition to the desired frequency component, f0, this waveform contains higher-frequency components at (12k+1)f0 and (12k−1)f0, k=1,2,3, and so forth. The lowpass filter comprising IC2B, R7, R8, C3, and C4 easily filters out these undesired components of smaller amplitude. Listing 1 is the assembly-program code that implements the Bell 202 FSK standard. When the control input Data In is high, the output frequency is 1200 Hz; when the control is low, the output frequency is 2200 Hz. The transition from one frequency to the other occurs in a manner that retains phase continuity.
Intel 4004 microprocessor historical materials
The work licensed under this license is limited to the following:
4004 schematic
(PDF 6.28MB)
4004 mask layout files
* 4004002 (JPG 225KB)
* 4004008 (JPG 64KB)
* 4004013 (JPG 153KB)
* 4004018 (JPG 57KB)
* 4004023 (JPG 168KB)
* 4004029 (JPG 170KB)
4004 manual MSC4 (1974)
(PDF 29.4MB)
4004 datasheet (1987)
(PDF 3MB)
; ------------------------- ; Last updated: 13-DEC-2004 ; ------------------------- ; ; Work in progress. ; This file will cross-assemble an original version of the "Improved" ; ZX81 ROM. The file can be modified to change the behaviour of the ROM ; when used in emulators although there is no spare space available. ; ; The documentation is incomplete and if you can find a copy ; of "The Complete Spectrum ROM Disassembly" then many routines ; such as POINTERS and most of the mathematical routines are ; similar and often identical. ; ; I've used the labels from the above book in this file and also ; some from the more elusive Complete ZX81 ROM Disassembly ; by the same publishers, Melbourne House.