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• So far as I can tell, no one has looked in to the same person having different beliefs at different times and in different contexts. That is my own experience. Christian scripture at least acknowledges this cf John 20:27-29
• Dileep George and Jeff Hawkins' Hierarchical Temporal Memory model provides a hard AI implementation rooted in the neural circuitry of the neocortex that demonstrates how beliefs are affected by context and change through time.

The theoretical setting of hierarchical Bayesian inference is gaining acceptance as a framework for understanding cortical computation. In this paper, we describe how Bayesian belief propagation in a spatio-temporal hierarchical model, called Hierarchical Temporal Memory (HTM), can lead to a mathematical model for cortical circuits. An HTM node is abstracted using a coincidence detector and a mixture of Markov chains. Bayesian belief propagation equations for such an HTM node define a set of functional constraints for a neuronal implementation. Anatomical data provide a contrasting set of organizational constraints. The combination of these two constraints suggests a theoretically derived interpretation for many anatomical and physiological features and predicts several others. ...

Citation: George D, Hawkins J (2009) Towards a Mathematical Theory of Cortical Micro-circuits. PLoS Comput Biol 5(10): e1000532. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000532